The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued two Emergency Use Authorizations (EUAs) for biological products during the COVID-19 pandemic, one requested by Pfizer, Inc., and the other by ModernaTX, Inc. These Authorizations allow the use of vaccines to help manage the public health emergency declared by the Secretary of Health and Human Services. The Authorizations include specific conditions and are part of efforts to protect public health and national security in response to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19. The FDA ensures that such products can be used when there are no adequate, approved alternatives available.
Simple Explanation
Imagine there are two special permission notes given out by a big group that checks if medicine is safe called the FDA. These notes let two companies, Pfizer and Moderna, use their new vaccines to help people during a big sickness (COVID-19) when no other medicine can help.