FR 2025-02853

The document in question, a notice from the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) of the USDA, aims to secure an extension on an information collection effort related to controlling highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) among dairy cattle. HPAI poses a significant threat, not only to animal health but also to human health and the economy, particularly given its spread to both poultry and cattle in the United States. With the deadline for public comments set for April 21, 2025, APHIS underlines the urgency for public engagement on this critical issue.

General Summary

The notice outlines APHIS's efforts to manage the ongoing outbreak of HPAI H5N1, which has been detected in dairy cattle since March 2024. To mitigate the spread, testing and reporting requirements have been established for dairy cattle and raw milk. These efforts are intended to trace and manage infections effectively, reducing their spread within and between states. The agency is inviting public comments to assess whether these measures are practical and efficient for controlling HPAI in dairy cattle.

Significant Issues and Concerns

There are several notable issues within the document that warrant consideration:

• Lack of Financial Details: There's no explicit mention of the budget or cost of the extensive testing and reporting procedures. This absence may raise concerns about potential waste in government spending, especially if the costs are high without clear justifications.

• Enforcement Ambiguities: The document lacks details on the consequences for laboratories that do not comply with mandatory reporting, creating uncertainty about how strict or effective enforcement will be.

• Complex Language: The use of technical language and certain scientific terms may be challenging for the general public to understand. This could limit the number of informed public comments, which are crucial for the feedback process.

• Effectiveness of Methods: The document doesn't sufficiently explain why the chosen methods, such as bulk milk testing, are deemed the most effective or efficient. Additional explanation would be beneficial in understanding the rationale behind these methods.

Public Impact

Overall, this initiative could have far-reaching impacts. For the general public, particularly those in states already affected by HPAI, the proposed measures are likely to offer a sense of security by potentially containing the virus. However, the costs associated with these measures could trickle down to consumers, possibly affecting the prices of dairy products.

Impact on Stakeholders

For dairy farmers and producers, the proposal could mean increased operational requirements and costs. They may need to work closely with veterinarians and laboratories to comply with the testing and reporting mandates. On the positive side, successful control and eventual eradication of HPAI would stabilize market conditions and preserve the health of their livestock.

Laboratories face increased reporting responsibilities but lack clarity on non-compliance repercussions. However, their role is vital for effective disease monitoring and control, potentially boosting demand for their diagnostic services.

State and local governments may benefit from clearer epidemiological data, enabling them to devise better response strategies. On the downside, they might also bear additional administrative burdens and costs associated with implementing new procedures.

In conclusion, while the notice reflects a crucial step in managing a pressing health threat, addressing the highlighted issues could enhance the plan's clarity and effectiveness, ensuring better engagement from all affected parties.