FR 2024-30664

In December 2024, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), under the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), announced the release of its final 2023 marine mammal stock assessment reports. These reports are mandatory under the Marine Mammal Protection Act and provide updated evaluations of the population health and risks facing marine mammals in U.S. waters. This year, 66 stock assessments have been revised, incorporating public feedback and new scientific data.

General Summary of the Document

The document details the process and outcome of reviewing and updating marine mammal stock assessments. The reports focus on distribution, abundance, and factors contributing to mortality such as human interactions. Notable updates include a new assessment for Sato's beaked whale and structural changes to the stock classifications of harbor porpoises. The document also closely examines the North Atlantic right whale population, integrating significant updates to abundance estimates and clarifying human-caused mortality figures.

Significant Issues or Concerns

The document uses specialized terminology and scientific language that might be difficult for the general public to comprehend. Terms like "Species Distribution Models" and acronyms such as NARW for North Atlantic Right Whale are not always explained, which could lead to confusion. Furthermore, there are references to various reports (e.g., Linden 2024b, Henry et al. 2024) and models (e.g., the Pace model) that lack detailed explanation, potentially complicating understanding without prior knowledge of the sources.

Impact on the Public Broadly

These assessments influence how the public is informed about the status of marine environments and the health of marine mammal populations. Reliable stock assessments can aid in both conservation efforts and public awareness of environmental issues. By offering up-to-date scientific data and responding to public concerns, such reports ensure the ongoing protection of marine wildlife in U.S. waters, which is pivotal for environmental and ecological sustainability.

Impact on Specific Stakeholders

For marine conservationists and scientists, the updated reports confirm improvements in capturing the best available science and incorporating timely data, which are critical for informed policy-making and research. The fishing industry stakeholders, particularly those referenced in the document like the Maine Lobstermen's Association, may face new regulations or enhanced scrutiny due to updated data on fisheries-related injuries and mortalities. These changes might necessitate adjustments in fishing practices to align with new conservation requirements.

Communities closely involved with marine mammals, such as indigenous groups and regional councils, may experience both positive engagement due to the inclusion of their input and potential challenges as they navigate new data implications for traditional practices. The document outlines how NMFS plans to address certain public comments and criticisms, demonstrating a willingness to adapt processes where human activities impact marine mammal populations.